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88.md
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NIP-88
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======
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Discreet Log Contracts over nostr
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-----------------
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`draft` `optional`
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This NIP describes a way to use Discreet Log Contracts (DLCs) over Nostr. This comes in four main
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components: `kind:8_888` for sending DLC messages between wallets. `kind:30088` for posting DLC offers to the global
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market. `kind:88` and `kind:89` for publishing DLC oracle announcements and attestations. And `kind:90` for a DLC
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"receipt" that can publish the result of a DLC for social interaction.
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## DLC Messages
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DLCs typically use [BOLT 8](https://github.com/lightning/bolts/blob/master/08-transport.md) for sending messages but
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this has various problems: it requires the ability to accept incoming connections and an always-on node. Nostr provides
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a unique opportunity to use a different transport layer for DLCs. This NIP proposes a new `kind:8_888` message that
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acts like a mailbox for DLC messages. The DLC messages are sent over nostr and available for the user the next time
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they open their wallet. This allows for a more mobile-friendly DLC experience.
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DLC protocol messages are binary-serialized messages described concretely in
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[this document](https://github.com/discreetlogcontracts/dlcspecs/blob/master/Messaging.md).
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Whenever embedding DLC messages inside Nostr events (which are encoded as JSON), we serialize those DLC messages in base64.
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### `kind:8_888`
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Kind 8_888 is a simple message that contains a [NIP04](04.md) encrypted DLC message and is tagged with the recipient's
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public key with a `p` tag and if it is in reply to another event, that event should be tagged with an `e` tag. The DLC
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message is first serialized in binary, and then encrypted with [NIP04](04.md).
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A DLC wallet should only process messages that are tagged with their public key and that are in reply to a message they
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sent unless it is an offer. This is to prevent spam and to prevent a malicious actor from sending a message to a user
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that looks like it is from a different user.
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```json
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{
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"kind": 8888,
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"content": "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?iv=S3rFeFr1gsYqmQA7bNnNTQ==",
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"tags": [
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[
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"p",
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"04c915daefee38317fa734444acee390a8269fe5810b2241e5e6dd343dfbecc9"
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],
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[
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"e",
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"9ae37aa68f48645127299e9453eb5d908a0cbb6058ff340d528ed4d37c8994fb"
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]
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],
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"pubkey": "97c70a44366a6535c145b333f973ea86dfdc2d7a99da618c40c64705ad98e322",
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"created_at": 1679673265,
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"id": "30efed56a035b2549fcaeec0bf2c1595f9a9b3bb4b1a38abaf8ee9041c4b7d93",
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"sig": "f2cb581a84ed10e4dc84937bd98e27acac71ab057255f6aa8dfa561808c981fe8870f4a03c1e3666784d82a9c802d3704e174371aa13d63e2aeaf24ff5374d9d"
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}
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```
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## DLC Offers
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DLCs are done between two parties and Nostr provides a unique opportunity to create a global market for DLCs. This
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market can be constructed with a simple list of DLC offers that can be filtered by the user's wallet. The user can then
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select an offer and send a message to the offerer to begin the DLC process. `kind:30088` is an event that contains a DLC
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offer.
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A parameterized replaceable event is used to allow the offerer to update the offer or remove it from the market. The `d`
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tag should be the Offer's id to allow replacement of the offer. If the user wishes to remove the offer from the market,
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they can replace the event with an `expires` tag that is in the past. The `relays` tag indicates the relays on which to
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contact the offerer.
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The `content` field must be the base64-encoding of a binary-serialized
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[`contract_info` object](https://github.com/discreetlogcontracts/dlcspecs/blob/master/Messaging.md#the-contract_info-type).
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### `kind:30_088`
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```jsonc
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{
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"kind": 30088,
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"content": "base64 contract_info",
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"tags": [
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[
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"relays",
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"wss://nostr.mutinywallet.com",
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"wss://relay.damus.io"
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],
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[
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"expires",
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"1695327657"
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],
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[
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"d",
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"6423394a32f37a4f0590e74f9308f5aee06e59e14f50c4cd6d59365caed13cb7"
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],
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],
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"pubkey": "97c70a44366a6535c145b333f973ea86dfdc2d7a99da618c40c64705ad98e322",
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"created_at": 1679673265,
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"id": "30efed56a035b2549fcaeec0bf2c1595f9a9b3bb4b1a38abaf8ee9041c4b7d93",
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"sig": "f2cb581a84ed10e4dc84937bd98e27acac71ab057255f6aa8dfa561808c981fe8870f4a03c1e3666784d82a9c802d3704e174371aa13d63e2aeaf24ff5374d9d"
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}
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```
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## DLC Oracle Gossip
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DLCs require an oracle to attest to the outcome of real world events. This is done by the oracle signing a message
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containing the outcome of the event. Before they attest to the outcome, they must create an announcement where they
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publish the intent to sign the future event. This announcement is then used by the DLC participants to create the
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contract. Here we define two events, `kind:88` and `kind:89` that are used to publish the oracle's announcement and
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attestations respectively.
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### `kind:88`
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```jsonc
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{
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"kind": 88,
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"content": "base64 oracle_annoucement",
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"tags": [
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[
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"relays", // the relays the oracle will publish attestations to
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"wss://nostr.mutinywallet.com",
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"wss://relay.damus.io"
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],
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[
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"title",
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"Optional Event Title"
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],
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[
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"description",
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"An optional human-readable description of the event which the oracle will attest to, in plain text."
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]
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],
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"pubkey": "97c70a44366a6535c145b333f973ea86dfdc2d7a99da618c40c64705ad98e322",
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"created_at": 1679673265,
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"id": "30efed56a035b2549fcaeec0bf2c1595f9a9b3bb4b1a38abaf8ee9041c4b7d93",
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"sig": "f2cb581a84ed10e4dc84937bd98e27acac71ab057255f6aa8dfa561808c981fe8870f4a03c1e3666784d82a9c802d3704e174371aa13d63e2aeaf24ff5374d9d"
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}
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```
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The `content` field must be the base64-encoding of a binary-serialized
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[`oracle_annoucement` object](https://github.com/discreetlogcontracts/dlcspecs/blob/master/Messaging.md#the-oracle_annoucement-type).
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The optional `title` tag gives observers a short human-readable title with which to display the announcement in cards, hyperlinks, etc. It _should_ be at most 100 characters of UTF8 text. Clients _should_ ignore or truncate titles longer than 100 characters. This tag must NOT be parsed as markdown or HTML.
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The optional `description` tag provides a human-readable summary of the real-world event which this announcement is for. The `description` should give observers context, so that they know how the real-world event in question will be reflected in the oracle's final attestation. This tag must NOT be parsed as markdown or HTML.
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### `kind:89`
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```jsonc
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{
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"kind": 89,
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"content": "base64 oracle_attestation",
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"tags": [
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[
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"e", // the Nostr event id of the announcement
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"30efed56a035b2549fcaeec0bf2c1595f9a9b3bb4b1a38abaf8ee9041c4b7d93",
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],
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],
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"pubkey": "97c70a44366a6535c145b333f973ea86dfdc2d7a99da618c40c64705ad98e322",
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"created_at": 1679673265,
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"id": "30efed56a035b2549fcaeec0bf2c1595f9a9b3bb4b1a38abaf8ee9041c4b7d93",
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"sig": "f2cb581a84ed10e4dc84937bd98e27acac71ab057255f6aa8dfa561808c981fe8870f4a03c1e3666784d82a9c802d3704e174371aa13d63e2aeaf24ff5374d9d"
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}
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```
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The `content` field must be the base64-encoding of a binary-serialized
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[`oracle_attestation` object](https://github.com/discreetlogcontracts/dlcspecs/blob/master/Messaging.md#the-oracle_attestation-type).
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Note that the `e` tag is the _Nostr event identifier_ for the `kind:88` announcement event, which is distinct from the identifier
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embedded [in the announcement](https://github.com/discreetlogcontracts/dlcspecs/blob/master/Messaging.md#oracle_event) or
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[in the attestation itself](https://github.com/discreetlogcontracts/dlcspecs/blob/master/Messaging.md#oracle_attestation). The `e`
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tag is intended to be used to look up the corresponding announcement event.
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Upon receiving an attestation, clients _should_ validate that the `event_id` field inside the `oracle_announcement` object matches
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the `event_id` field in the `oracle_attestation` object.
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## DLC Receipts
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DLCs can be fun, social events. This NIP proposes a `kind:90` event that can be used to publish the result of a DLC
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contract. This event can be used to show off the result of a DLC to the user's followers, similar [Zaps](57.md) but for
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DLC bets.
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### `kind:90`
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todo I still need to think about this one
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